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Officially, the sun is classified as a G2 type star, based on its temperature and the wavelengths or spectrum of light that it emits. There are lots of G2s out there, and Earth's sun is merely one of billions of stars that orbit the center of our galaxy, made up of the same substance and components. The sun is composed of gas. Jan 15, 2014 The Second Sun - Just like many types of stars in the final period of their life, and because of the changes and events that have happened in Earth and other planets in the solar system, the second sun, most likely, have fired extremely powerful gamma rays by the end of its life. 1-19-2014 — The Second Sunday after the Epiphany 1-26-2014 — The Third Sunday after the Epiphany 2-2-2014 — The Purification of Mary and the Presentation of Our Lord.
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Planet-Like Body Discovered at Fringes of Our Solar System
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Our Second Nature
Image above: These three panels show the first detection of the faint distant object dubbed 'Sedna.' Imaged on November 14th from 6:32 to 9:38 Universal Time, Sedna was identified by the slight shift in position noted in these three pictures taken at different times. Image courtesy: NASA/Caltech.
The object is three times farther away from Earth than Pluto, making it the most distant known in the solar system.
'The Sun appears so small from that distance that you could completely block it out with the head of a pin,' said Dr. Mike Brown, Caltech associate professor of planetary astronomy and leader of the research team. The object, unofficially named 'Sedna,' is 13 billion kilometers (8 billion miles) away from Earth.
This is likely the first detection of the long-hypothesized 'Oort cloud,' a faraway repository of small icy bodies that supplies the comets that streak by Earth.
Image right: An artist's concept of the newly discovered planet-like object, dubbed 'Sedna.' The Sun appears as an extremely bright star instead of a large, warm disc observed from Earth. In the distance is a hypothetical small moon, which scientists believe may be orbiting this distant body. Image courtesy: NASA/JPL-Caltech.
Other notable features of Sedna include its size and reddish color; it is the second reddest object in the solar system, after Mars. At an estimated size of three-fourths the size of Pluto, it is likely the largest object found in the solar system since Pluto was discovered in 1930.
Brown, along with Drs. Chad Trujillo of the Gemini Observatory in Hawaii and David Rabinowitz of Yale University, New Haven, Conn., found the 'planetoid' on November 14, 2003, using the 48-inch Samuel Oschin Telescope at Caltech's Palomar Observatory near San Diego. Within days, the object was observed by telescopes in Chile, Spain, Arizona and Hawaii, and soon after, NASA's new Spitzer Space Telescope looked for it.
Sedna lies extremely far from the Sun, in the coldest known region of our solar system, where the temperature never rises above minus 240 degrees Celsius (minus 400 Fahrenheit).
The planetoid is usually even colder, because it approaches the Sun this closely only briefly during its 10,500 year orbit around the Sun. At its most distant, 'Sedna' is 130 billion kilometers (84 billion miles) from the Sun. That is 900 times Earth's distance from the Sun.
Scientists used the fact that even the Spitzer telescope was unable to detect the heat of the extremely distant, cold object to determine that it must be no more than 1,700 kilometers (about 1,000 miles) in diameter, smaller than Pluto. By combining all available data, Brown estimates the size at about halfway between that of Pluto and Quaoar, the planetoid discovered by the same team in 2002. Until 'Sedna' was detected, Quaoar was the largest known body beyond Pluto.
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Image left: The artist's rendition shows 'Sedna' in relation to other bodies in the solar system, including Earth and its Moon; Pluto; and Quaoar, a planetoid beyond Pluto that was until now the largest known object beyond Pluto. Image courtesy: NASA/JPL-Caltech.
The extremely elliptical orbit of Sedna is unlike anything previously seen by astronomers; however, it resembles that of objects predicted to lie in the hypothetical Oort cloud. The cloud is thought to explain the existence of certain comets. It is believed to surround the Sun and extend outward halfway to the star closest to the Sun. But Sedna is 10 times closer than the predicted distance of the Oort cloud. Brown says this 'inner Oort cloud' may have been formed by gravity from a rogue star near the Sun in the solar system's early days.
Brown explained, 'The star would have been close enough to be brighter than the full Moon, and it would have been visible in the daytime sky for 20,000 years.' Worse, it would have dislodged comets farther out in the Oort cloud, leading to an intense comet shower that could have wiped out any life that existed on Earth at the time.
Rabinowitz says there is indirect evidence that 'Sedna' may have a moon. The researchers hope to check this possibility with NASA's Hubble Space Telescope.
Trujillo has begun to examine the object's surface with one of the world's largest optical/infrared telescopes, the 8-meter (26-foot) Frederick C. Gillett Gemini Telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii. He said, 'We still don't understand what is on the surface of this body. It is nothing like what we would have predicted or what we can currently explain.
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'Sedna' will become closer and brighter over the next 72 years before it begins its 10,500-year trip to the far reaches of the solar system and back again. 'The last time 'Sedna' was this close to the Sun, Earth was just coming out of the last ice age; the next time it comes back, the world might again be a completely different place,' said Brown.More information and images are available at http://spitzer.caltech.edu. Caltech owns and operates the Palomar Observatory. The Spitzer Space Telescope is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. JPL is a division of Caltech.
Whitney Clavin
NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Thirteen to fourteen times each century, the transit of Mercury across the Sun occurs During the transit, Mercury appears as a small black dot on the surface of our star
The planet’s journey lasts for several hours and can be seen with solar telescopes from Earth Slooh is a website that specialises in providing live streams of robotic telescope images of outer space On the 9th May, 2016, Slooh broadcast a live stream of the transit of Mercury This particular live stream was hosted by Chief Astronomical Officer Paul Cox He provided commentary as the transit happened before our eyes
But the image Slooh broadcast showed another strange glowing object beside our Sun Cox alarmingly announced this was our second Sun; a secret that NASA is covering up A retired newspaper editor – who remains anonymous – saw Cox’s surprising statement as confirmation of their theory that the Earth has two suns Their blog collates images and video from around the world showing two suns in our sky From Hawaii to Florida to Turkey – hundreds, if not thousands, of private photographs appear to record two suns in our sky
The second sun is most visible at sunset As silly as it might seem for two stars to be so close together, binary star systems do exist Research shows that at least half of all visible stars are part of a multiple star system where they orbit each other Our closest celestial neighbour, Alpha Centauri, is a multiple star system Furthermore, it is possible for planets to orbit two stars
Stranded deep free maczoneonly. The Kepler-47 system is around 5,000 light years from Earth It has two stars, about the same age as our Sun Astronomers have observed three planets orbiting the stars – at least two of them are gas giants and all are larger than Earth One of them is in the habitable zone, and if it were not a gas planet, could harbour life In 1984, palaeontologists David Raup and Jack Sepkoski observed that Earth has suffered extinction events on a cyclical basis
In 2010, the frequency of extinction events was calculated to be every 27 million years The palaeontologists suggested the cause was not terrestrial Two independent teams of astronomers concluded that the cause could be the gravitational effect of a second star orbiting our Sun – a red or brown dwarf they call Nemesis Yet according to conspiracy theorists, our second Sun isn’t the only thing NASA is hiding During the live stream, Paul Cox also talked about a secret planet orbiting the Sun
He said NASA is hiding this from us as well Cox said the planet’s name is Nibiru Nibiru is at the centre of a predicted cataclysm that believers say will occur in the early 21st century This was first suggested in 1995 by Nancy Lieder, who claimed that Nibiru is a planet in our solar system that is on a collision course with Earth Either it will hit the Earth directly, or pass so closely that the Earth’s magnetic poles will shift and spell doom for mankind
Our Solar System Has A Second Sun
NASA and other space agencies are purportedly hiding it to avoid mass hysteria A recent announcement reinvigorated the theory A new planet has been added to our solar system, based on mathematical models and studies of objects’ orbital patterns Called Planet Nine, it is estimated to take 15,000 years to orbit the Sun It’s predicted path is so elliptical that conspiracy theorists believe it could be Nibiru
However, Planet Nine’s existence has not even been confirmed And it’s highly unlikely that it’s orbital path will bring it into collision with Earth If it is planet Nibiru and NASA were hiding it, then the announcement of its likely existence does not fit in with the supposed scheme What’s more, apart from these images, there is no evidence at all that we have a second Sun Most of these photos can be explained away as lens flares or optical illusion from light diffusion
Meanwhile, the Nemesis theory has yet to be proven Even if it is true, Nemesis is estimated to be 15 light years from the Sun – far too far away to be captured by the solar telescope on the Slooh live stream Perhaps more significantly, conspiracy theorists have failed to explain why NASA is hiding the second sun Nor have they suggested how authorities hide it from us every day, even if it were physically possible to hide a second star in the sky
Disappointingly, we don’t know whether or not Paul Cox was really expressing his views during the live stream It is possible that he was merely joking, perhaps to make his job as host more interesting Alltime Conspiracies approached the team at Slooh for a comment on Cox’s remarks He told us he was just using dry British humour At best, the Second Sun theory will be confirmed as the Nemesis star
Even then, this will not chime with Paul Cox’s claims during the live stream Indeed, the theory has developed so recently that its proponents do not seem to have come up with an explanation for it As of yet there is no evidence to suggest NASA or other space agencies are hiding it However, if Planet Nibiru and the Nemesis star do exist, then humanity’s future is very uncertain'